ISSN: 1305-385X
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Congenital Heart Diseases
Dr. Ergün ÇİLa
aPediatrik Kardiyoloji BD, Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, BURSA
In congenital heart diseases it is hard to determine a precise incidence. Many researches report the incidence around 0.6-1 congenital heart disease in every 100 birth (It does not include mitral valve prolapsus, bicuspid aortic valve and patent ductus arteriosus of the premature). Congenital heart diseases can be divided into two groups such as acyanotic congenital heart disease and cyanotic congenital heart disease.
In acyanotic congenital heat diseases there is either no cyanosis or it is light. The shunt is predominantly from left to right. Pulmonary flow is greater than systemic flow (flow ratio >1). There is no shunt in aortic stenosis, pulmonary stenosis and aortic coarctation. The most frequent type of congenital heart disease is VSD (25-30%). Secondly ASD and PDA come with 6-8%. The following types are pulmonary stenosis and aortic coarctation with a percentage of 5-7.
In cyanotic heart diseases shunt appears predominantly from right to left. Therefore pulmonary flow is less than the systemic flow into to the lungs (Flow ratio <1). The most frequent congenital heart disease is tetralogy of Fallot with 5-7%. Transposition of the great arteries is seen with 3-5%and other cyanotic congenital heart diseases with 1-3%.
Prognosis in cyanotic congenital heart diseases is generally better than cyanotic heart diseases. For example it is rare that an untreated baby with cyanotic heart diseases excluding tetrology of Fallot. Most of them do not live more than a year. The median of the death age for an untreated baby with a tetralogy of Fallot is between 2.5 and 7 years, and only 10%of them can live more than 20 years.Keywords: Congenital heart diseases, childrenTurkiye Klinikleri J Int Med Sci 2006, 2(15):51-59
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